Biomass boiler is a kind of boiler, is to biomass energy as fuel boiler called biomass boiler, divided into biomass steam boiler, biomass hot water boiler, biomass hot blast stove, biomass heat conducting oil furnace, vertical biomass boiler, horizontal biomass boiler, etc.

Characteristics of Biomass Boiler

1) The characteristics of BMF boilers

The boiler adopts the most suitable combustion equipment for biomass fuel combustion ---- reciprocating grate.

In the structural design of the boiler, compared with the traditional boiler furnace space is larger, at the same time the layout of very reasonable secondary air, is conducive to the biomass fuel combustion instantaneous precipitation of a large number of volatile matter full combustion.

The control system adopts high brightness, full Chinese display, with famous brand PLC control system as the central control unit;Through man-machine dialogue with boiler users to exchange information, to realize the automatic, safe and reliable operation of biomass pellet boiler.

The boiler can be equipped with fuel (gas) ignition burner to realize ignition automation.

Boiler feeding, combustion, slag removal, water supply, ignition can be automatically controlled, the operation is very convenient.

The boiler is equipped with automatic ash removal device, which can remove the ash on the heating surface of the boiler in time to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the boiler.

A economizer is arranged at the end of the boiler, and an air preheater can be arranged according to the needs of users.

Compared with the traditional boiler, the boiler has higher efficiency and lower exhaust temperature.

The use of efficient insulation materials, boiler surface temperature is low, heat loss can be ignored.

Strictly in accordance with China's national specifications and standards, all pressure parts are made of high quality boiler steel.

Before leaving the factory, every boiler has to go through strict inspection and testing, including hydraulic test and X-ray inspection.

It is equipped with manhole, inspection door, fire observation hole, etc., which is very convenient for maintenance.

The biggest characteristic of biomass boiler is: energy saving, environmental protection, and convenient installation and use.

2) Fuel supply

The fuel of the boiler is BMF fuel. The fuel is fed into the top silo by the feeder, and then into the furnace by the screw feeder, and evenly scattered on the grate.

3) Combustion process

The fuel is sent into the furnace by the spiral feeder, where it is gradually preheated, dried, ignited and burned due to the effect of high temperature flue gas and primary wind. In this process, a large number of volatiles are precipitated and the combustion is intense.The generated high temperature flue gas scour the main heating surface of the boiler, into the boiler tail heating surface economizer and air preheater, and then into the dust collector, and finally discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.The ungasified fuel edge moves to the rear of the grate until it is burned out, and the last remaining small amount of ash falls into the slag removal mouth behind the grate.

4) Environmental emissions from BMF boilers

The ash produced by BMF combustion accounts for about 1.5% of the fuel. In order to facilitate ash discharge, a spiral slag discharge machine is arranged at the rear of the boiler to realize continuous ash removal.A dust collector is arranged in the flue at the end of the boiler to ensure that the smoke discharge meets the requirements of environmental protection.

5) efficiency

The efficiency of biomass boiler is generally more than 80%, the type of boiler is large, the combustion is more sufficient, and the efficiency of the boiler is higher.The highest reaches 88.3 percent, 15 percent higher than the average efficiency level of coal-fired boilers.

Types of biomass boilers

Biomass boiler according to its use is probably divided into two categories: one is biomass thermal boiler, the other is biomass electric energy boiler.

In fact, the principle of both is basically the same. Both of them obtain energy by burning biomass fuel, but the first one directly obtains heat, and the second one converts heat into electricity.In these two kinds of boilers, the first kind is now the most widely used, more mature technology.

If we continue to subdivide, the first kind of boiler, biomass thermal energy boiler, can also be divided into three categories:

The first category: small biomass thermal boilers.This kind of boiler uses solidified or gasified biomass fuel to provide thermal energy in the form of hot water. It has the advantages of small size, simple structure and low price.The disadvantage is that the energy consumption is large, the fuel consumption is large, the heat energy supply is low, and the heat energy demand can not be met by the user, the target of this boiler is the single-family rural family heating and domestic hot water supply.

The second type: medium biomass thermal energy boiler.This type of boiler mainly uses cured biomass fuel to provide hot water or steam.It has the advantages of mature technology, small energy loss and strong thermal energy supply capacity.Disadvantage is part of the boiler fuel coking, supporting the design is not reasonable.Shandong Hill Biomass Energy Company's "spiral wing burner technology" is a good solution to the combustion of medium-sized biomass boilers are not sufficient, coking and other phenomena.

The third category: large biomass thermal boilers.There are no actual products of this kind of boiler, mainly because the existing technology is not perfect, and the national policy for biomass to replace coal burning is not sound, so it only stays on the concept.It emphasizes a centralized management, centralized control of thermal energy engineering, boiler is only one of the equipment, to ensure the normal operation of the whole biomass thermal energy engineering, therefore, it has high requirements on fuel, combustion technology, supporting technology, related policies.

Biomass boiler combustion system

1) Feeding system

The feeding system is composed of a silo, a vibrating feeder, a spiral feeder, a spiral feeding pipe and other components.

The BMF fuel processed and formed in the factory is transferred to the silo through the belt conveyor, and then the BMF fuel in the silo is fed to the burner through the screw feeder for combustion.In order to ensure the stability of continuous feeding and material conveying, a vibrating feeder is connected between the silo and the screw feeder.

2) Combustion system

Combustion system consists of burner, fan, igniter and other components.

Biomass fuel in the burner first has a preheating process, and then through the fan to transport the fuel to the furnace for combustion.BMF fuel contains very high volatiles. When the temperature in the furnace reaches the volatiles' precipitation temperature, the igniter fuel can catch fire and burn quickly under the condition of wind.Burner temperature control is based on the internal temperature of the furnace, which is related to the amount of air supply when the fuel is gasified.Boiler load adjustment through the adjustment of the amount of feed to control.After the combustion of flue gas through the furnace into the convection flue for heat transfer, and then into the dust collector for purification treatment, and finally discharged to complete the whole combustion and heat transfer process.

3) Soot blowing system

The boiler is equipped with automatic soot blowing device, which can regularly purge the furnace and the smoke pipe to ensure that the surface of the smoke pipe does not accumulate dust, so as to realize the safe and efficient operation of the boiler.

4) smoke air system

Air supply system: boiler air supply system and burner integrated arrangement, air through the blower through the burner to the furnace, to achieve the role of fuel transport and combustion support.

Induced air dust removal system: under the action of an induced draft fan, the high-temperature flue gas generated after the completion of combustion enters the dust collector for purification through convection heat transfer in the smoke pipe, and finally is discharged from the chimney through the induced draft fan.

5) Automatic control system

The control system adopts high brightness, full Chinese display, with famous brand PLC control system as the central control unit;The automatic operation of BMF boiler can be realized by exchanging information with boiler users through man-machine dialogue.